Antigen Retrieval Solution (Alkaline)

In immunohistochemistry, formalin/paraformaldehyde fixation cross-links proteins via aldehyde groups, masking antigen epitopes and impairing antibody binding. This alkaline antigen retrieval buffer restores epitopes through dual mechanisms: PH Neutralization: Dissociates formaldehyde-protein cross-links to unmask antigenic sites. Surfactant Activity: Reduces liquid surface tension, enhancing buffer penetration and optimizing antigen-antibody interaction efficiency.